Rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure designed to reshape the nose for aesthetic enhancement, functional improvement, or a combination of both. As the nose occupies a central position on the face and plays a critical role in breathing, even minor deformities can significantly affect facial harmony, airflow, and quality of life. Functional and cosmetic rhinoplasty often overlap, and a well-executed procedure must address both appearance and nasal function simultaneously.

Cosmetic rhinoplasty focuses on refining the external shape of the nose to achieve balance with other facial features. Common aesthetic concerns include a dorsal hump, wide nasal bridge, bulbous or drooping nasal tip, asymmetry, flared nostrils, or disproportionate nasal size. These issues may be congenital, developmental, or acquired following trauma or previous surgery. The goal is not to create a “perfect” nose, but one that harmonizes naturally with the individual’s facial structure and ethnicity.

Functional rhinoplasty addresses internal nasal abnormalities that interfere with breathing. These may include deviated nasal septum, internal or external nasal valve collapse, turbinate hypertrophy, or post-traumatic airway obstruction. Patients with functional nasal issues often experience chronic nasal blockage, mouth breathing, sleep disturbance, snoring, exercise intolerance, or recurrent sinus infections. Importantly, functional problems may exist even when the nose appears normal externally.

Comprehensive evaluation is essential and includes both external facial analysis and internal nasal examination. Surgical planning considers skin thickness, cartilage strength, nasal support mechanisms, and patient expectations. Photography and imaging are often used to guide discussion and planning, ensuring realistic outcomes.

Rhinoplasty may be performed using open or closed techniques, depending on complexity and goals. Functional corrections are integrated into the same procedure to preserve or improve airflow. Recovery involves temporary swelling and bruising, with gradual refinement of nasal shape over several months.

When performed with precision and restraint, rhinoplasty can dramatically improve facial balance, breathing comfort, and self-confidence. Long-term success depends on surgical expertise, careful planning, and individualized execution.