Myringotomy with grommet insertion is a common ENT procedure performed to treat persistent middle ear fluid, recurrent ear infections, and related hearing problems. The middle ear must remain air-filled for normal hearing, but Eustachian tube dysfunction can lead to fluid accumulation, especially in children. When this fluid persists, it interferes with sound conduction and increases infection risk.

Indications for myringotomy include chronic otitis media with effusion lasting several months, recurrent acute otitis media, and hearing loss affecting speech and learning in children. Adults may also require the procedure for chronic ear fluid, barotrauma, or Eustachian tube dysfunction. Persistent fluid can cause discomfort, balance problems, and delayed speech development if untreated.

The procedure involves creating a small incision in the eardrum (myringotomy) to drain trapped fluid. A tiny ventilation tube, known as a grommet, is then inserted into the incision to maintain airflow into the middle ear. This equalizes pressure, prevents fluid reaccumulation, and allows the eardrum to function normally.

Myringotomy with grommet insertion is typically performed under general anesthesia in children and local anesthesia in selected adults. It is a short, minimally invasive procedure with no external incisions. Most patients can return home the same day.

Recovery is usually straightforward. Hearing improvement is often noticeable almost immediately. Mild ear discharge may occur temporarily. Grommets typically remain in place for several months before falling out naturally as the eardrum heals. ENT follow-up is essential to monitor tube position, hearing improvement, and middle ear health.

The procedure significantly reduces infection frequency, restores hearing, and supports normal speech and developmental milestones in children.