Cryotherapy is a dermatological procedure used to treat various benign and pre-cancerous skin lesions by applying extreme cold to destroy abnormal tissue. It is most commonly performed using liquid nitrogen, which rapidly freezes targeted cells, leading to controlled tissue destruction and subsequent healing. Cryotherapy is widely used for the treatment of viral warts, actinic keratoses, skin tags, and other superficial lesions.

Warts are caused by human papillomavirus infection and can spread through direct contact or micro-abrasions in the skin. Cryotherapy works by freezing infected tissue, triggering an immune response that helps eliminate the virus. Multiple sessions may be required depending on lesion size, depth, and location.

The procedure is quick and usually performed without anesthesia, though mild discomfort or stinging may be felt during application. Liquid nitrogen is applied using a spray or cotton applicator for a controlled duration. Following treatment, the area may blister or scab before healing naturally over one to two weeks.

Cryotherapy offers several advantages, including precision, minimal invasiveness, and low risk of scarring when performed correctly. It is suitable for patients of various ages and can be safely repeated if needed. Proper post-procedure care, such as keeping the area clean and protected, supports optimal healing.

Cryotherapy remains a reliable and effective dermatological treatment for managing common skin lesions while preserving surrounding healthy tissue.