Blepharoplasty is a surgical procedure performed to correct excess skin, fat, or muscle around the upper and/or lower eyelids. It is commonly undertaken for functional reasons, aesthetic rejuvenation, or both. The eyelids play a vital role in vision, facial expression, and eye protection, and age-related or congenital changes can significantly affect appearance and function.

Upper eyelid blepharoplasty is often performed when excess skin droops over the eyelid margin, obstructing peripheral vision and causing eye strain, headaches, and fatigue. Patients may notice difficulty keeping their eyes open, especially toward the end of the day. Lower eyelid blepharoplasty addresses concerns such as under-eye bags, puffiness, hollowing, or loose skin, which contribute to a tired or aged appearance.

Age-related changes occur due to loss of skin elasticity, weakening of eyelid muscles, and redistribution of orbital fat. Genetics, sun exposure, smoking, and lifestyle factors may accelerate these changes. In some individuals, eyelid concerns appear at a younger age due to inherited anatomy.

Evaluation includes assessment of eyelid position, skin quality, muscle tone, eye health, tear production, and facial symmetry. Functional impairment is carefully documented, particularly when blepharoplasty is considered for vision-related reasons.

Blepharoplasty is typically performed as a day-care procedure under local anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia. Incisions are strategically placed within natural eyelid creases to minimize visible scarring. Recovery involves temporary swelling and bruising, with gradual improvement over weeks.

The aim of blepharoplasty is to restore a refreshed, alert appearance while preserving natural eyelid contours and expression. When appropriately planned, the procedure improves vision, reduces eye fatigue, and enhances facial harmony without altering the patient’s identity.