Soft tissue injuries involve damage to muscles, tendons, ligaments, fascia, and associated structures and are among the most common causes of pain and functional limitation encountered in orthopaedic practice. These injuries may occur acutely due to trauma or develop gradually as a result of overuse, repetitive strain, or biomechanical imbalance.

Muscle strains, ligament sprains, and tendon injuries vary widely in severity, from microscopic fiber disruption to complete rupture. Clinical presentation depends on the tissue involved and injury mechanism but commonly includes pain, swelling, weakness, and reduced range of motion. Functional impairment may be immediate or progressive.

Orthopaedic evaluation emphasizes accurate identification of the injured structure, injury grade, and functional impact. Clinical examination assesses strength, stability, and movement patterns, while imaging is selectively used to confirm diagnosis or guide management in complex cases.

Management principles focus on tissue protection, controlled loading, and progressive rehabilitation. Premature return to activity or inadequate rehabilitation increases the risk of chronic pain, re-injury, and compensatory biomechanical dysfunction. Structured rehabilitation restores strength, flexibility, and neuromuscular control.

Surgical intervention is reserved for complete ruptures, failed conservative treatment, or injuries causing persistent instability or functional loss. Timing of surgery and postoperative rehabilitation are critical determinants of outcome.

Soft tissue injuries require disciplined orthopaedic management emphasizing biological healing timelines and functional recovery rather than symptom suppression alone.