Post-operative critical care is required for patients who undergo high-risk or complex surgical procedures and are at increased risk of complications in the immediate recovery period. These patients often have significant comorbidities or have undergone major cardiac, thoracic, abdominal, vascular, or oncological surgery. ICU admission ensures close monitoring and early intervention to prevent life-threatening deterioration.

Following high-risk surgery, patients may experience respiratory compromise, cardiovascular instability, bleeding, metabolic disturbances, or organ dysfunction. The stress of surgery combined with anesthesia and underlying disease can overwhelm physiological reserves, making intensive care essential.

ICU management focuses on maintaining stable respiration, circulation, and organ function. Mechanical ventilation, invasive monitoring, and vasoactive medications are commonly required. Pain control, fluid balance, and early detection of complications such as infection or bleeding are critical.

Post-operative ICU care also supports early mobilization, nutritional optimization, and prevention of complications such as delirium and thromboembolism. Close collaboration between surgical and ICU teams ensures continuity of care and improved outcomes.

Appropriate post-operative ICU admission significantly reduces mortality and improves recovery in patients undergoing high-risk surgery.