Pancreatic disorders represent some of the most complex conditions managed within gastrointestinal surgery due to the pancreas’ deep anatomical location and critical digestive and metabolic functions. Surgical intervention is indicated for selected benign and malignant pancreatic conditions, including chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic tumors, cystic lesions, and pancreatic cancer.

Chronic pancreatitis results from prolonged inflammation of the pancreas, leading to irreversible structural damage and impaired pancreatic function. Patients may experience persistent abdominal pain, digestive difficulties, weight loss, and nutritional compromise. Surgical intervention is considered in cases with intractable symptoms, ductal obstruction, or complications such as pseudocysts, aiming to relieve pain and preserve remaining pancreatic function.

Pancreatic tumors include benign cystic lesions, neuroendocrine tumors, and malignant pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is particularly challenging due to its often late presentation, with symptoms such as jaundice, unexplained weight loss, abdominal pain, or digestive disturbances. Early detection significantly improves surgical outcomes, but many cases require complex operative planning.

Surgical procedures for pancreatic disease depend on tumor location and disease extent. Operations may involve resection of the pancreatic head, body, or tail, with or without reconstruction of surrounding digestive structures. These procedures are technically demanding and require meticulous surgical expertise to ensure safety and oncologic adequacy.

Advanced imaging techniques play a crucial role in preoperative assessment, allowing precise evaluation of tumor resectability, vascular involvement, and anatomical variations. Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential to determine the most appropriate surgical strategy and to integrate perioperative oncologic care when required.

Postoperative management focuses on nutritional support, monitoring of digestive and metabolic function, and prevention of complications. Long-term follow-up is critical, particularly in malignant conditions, to monitor for recurrence and support overall recovery.

With advances in surgical techniques, perioperative care, and patient selection, pancreatic surgery performed in specialized centers offers meaningful symptom relief, disease control, and improved long-term outcomes for patients with complex pancreatic disorders.