Skin infections occur when bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites invade the skin and its structures, leading to inflammation, discomfort, and potential complications if untreated. These infections may affect the surface layers of the skin, hair follicles, nails, or deeper tissues and can occur in individuals of all ages.

Common bacterial skin infections include impetigo, folliculitis, cellulitis, and abscesses, often presenting with redness, swelling, pain, or discharge. Viral skin infections such as warts and herpes-related lesions may cause recurrent outbreaks. Fungal infections commonly affect the skin, nails, and scalp, particularly in warm and humid climates.

Risk factors for skin infections include compromised skin barrier, excessive sweating, diabetes, poor hygiene, immune suppression, and close contact in communal environments. Delayed treatment may lead to spreading infection, scarring, or systemic involvement.

Dermatological evaluation focuses on identifying the type of infection, extent of involvement, and contributing factors. Accurate diagnosis is essential to guide appropriate management and prevent recurrence.

Management emphasizes infection control, skin barrier restoration, and prevention of spread. Patient education on hygiene practices, skin care, and recurrence prevention is critical, especially for chronic or recurrent infections.

Early diagnosis and structured dermatological care significantly reduce complications and promote complete resolution. Long-term follow-up may be required in recurrent or resistant cases.