Hair loss and scalp disorders are common dermatological conditions that affect individuals of all ages and genders. These conditions may present as diffuse hair thinning, patchy hair loss, excessive shedding, scalp inflammation, or scaling. Hair and scalp health is influenced by genetic, hormonal, nutritional, autoimmune, and environmental factors, often requiring comprehensive dermatological evaluation.

Common hair loss conditions include androgenetic alopecia, telogen effluvium, and alopecia areata. Androgenetic alopecia is a progressive condition influenced by genetics and hormones, while telogen effluvium often occurs following physical stress, illness, nutritional deficiency, or hormonal changes. Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition characterized by sudden patchy hair loss.

Scalp disorders such as dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, scalp psoriasis, and fungal infections can contribute to hair shedding and scalp discomfort. Chronic inflammation of the scalp may disrupt the hair growth cycle and worsen hair loss if not addressed early.

Dermatological assessment includes evaluation of hair density, scalp condition, hair shaft integrity, and potential underlying triggers. Identifying reversible causes of hair loss is essential for effective management.

Management strategies focus on stabilizing hair loss, improving scalp health, and supporting regrowth where possible. Long-term follow-up is often required, as hair growth cycles are slow and response to treatment takes time. Patient education on hair care practices, scalp hygiene, and realistic expectations is an integral part of care.

Early intervention improves outcomes, particularly in reversible forms of hair loss. With structured dermatological care, many patients experience stabilization and improvement in hair density and scalp health.