The thyroid gland plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, energy levels, and hormonal balance. Thyroid disorders, including goiter, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer, are increasingly diagnosed due to improved screening and awareness. While many thyroid nodules are benign, some require surgical intervention due to size, symptoms, or cancer risk.

Patients may experience neck swelling, difficulty swallowing, voice changes, breathing discomfort, or symptoms of hormonal imbalance such as weight changes, fatigue, or palpitations. Thyroid cancer may present silently, making early evaluation essential.

Diagnosis involves thyroid function blood tests, ultrasound imaging, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAC) to determine the nature of nodules. Advanced imaging may be used for staging in confirmed cancer cases.

Surgical treatment includes partial or total thyroidectomy, depending on the diagnosis. Surgery is recommended for large goiters causing compression, suspicious or malignant nodules, or hyperthyroidism unresponsive to medical therapy. At IMH, thyroid surgery is performed using precise, nerve-preserving techniques to protect the vocal cords and parathyroid glands.

Minimally invasive approaches are used when appropriate, offering better cosmetic outcomes and faster recovery. Post-operative care includes calcium monitoring and thyroid hormone replacement therapy when required, with long-term endocrinology follow-up.